F2. Food Technology
Those practical classes (51 h) take place in a food processing pilot plant and are based on five themes: canning, production line, pasteurization, concentration and drying. Over these classes, students work on semi industrial pilots and practice their knowledge in Engineering sciences and Food processing in situations close to those of industrial production. Each topic consist of a learning phase (start and conduct of pilots), followed by a phase of autonomy (choice of parameters, number of trials, optimization). Organizational aspects, metrology and internal communication are the strengths of this practical training as well as scientific and technical aspects. Industrial fluid consumption (steam, water, compressed air / vacuum, electricity) are integrated into the process and followed with a sustainable development approach.

F3. Biological hazards

• Introduction to hazard/risk identification
• Assessment and management of biological risks
• Biological hazards in food safety (bacteria, viruses, parasites and biotoxins with focus on zoonotic bacteria and mycotoxins)
• Epidemiology of food infections in France
• Food safety agencies (ANSES, EFSA)

F4. Project: Biological and Food engineering
Individual project, either research-oriented or in partnership with a company. Each project includes a bibliographic part, some experimental measurements, some data processing and analysis, and give to rise to a report and an oral defense.

S1. Physico-chemical analysis
Course overview: These practical courses (34.5h) focus on the choice of techniques for food analysis, based on concentrations determination of some elements or molecules present at significant or traces concentrations).
Students will learn how to:
(i) Exploit different analysis techniques such as spectroscopy, chromatography (CPG and HPLC), electrochemical and chemical analysis to determine the concentration of various molecules such as minerals (copper, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, iron, ...) in chemical solution, mineral water or wine, but also caffeine or sugar in some drinks, aromatic molecules in some essential oils etc ...
(ii) Study the repeatability and reproducibility of assays performed.
The emphasis of these practical experiments is on the importance of presenting a coherent result (calculation of standard deviation).
 Key words : Assays (acid-base, redox, complexation, precipitation); Electrochemical assays; Spectrophotometry; Chromatography (liquid, gas); ion exchange resins

S3. Human Nutrition
The students will study through 4 different practical classes of 4hours each the basis of human nutrition and physiology.
First the student will put into practice the knowledge they acquired of the digestive system on an « in vitro » model of digestion. They will « digeste » too different rice varieties and assess sugar levels at the end of the digestion.
During another practical class, they will learn how to mesure the body energy needs and how to make food intakes fit those needs. They will also study blood sugar and how whole foods are better for maintaining a good blood sugar level.
During two other practical classes they will study metabolic impact of high fat diet in a rat model. They will measure metabolic markers thanks to various experiments.

S4. Project: nutrition
The goal of this project is to create a « Healthy » drink. The student will choose among many plants extracts, study the bibliography and create the beverage. Then they will analyze the extract they chose to study  on a cellular model of oxidative stress and the biochemical  properties of the beverage they created. Finally they will create a label and start to build a simplified health claim application file according to the EFSA guidelines.

S5. Project: food science and engineering
Individual project, either research-oriented or in partnership with a company. Each project includes a bibliographic part, some experimental measurements, some data processing and analysis, and give to rise to a report and an oral defense.

S.2 Materials and energy

Lecture and tutorials : Introduction of the energy conversions, the issues related to the choice of the conversion system at different scales (from the plant to personal objects).

I-Thermal flux, conduction/diffusion, convection and radiation : application to insulating materials, innovations in the field

II-Materials in nuclear plants. Reminds on the fission process, fission products and radioactivity. Materials coice and potential damages.

III-photovoltaic: principle and requirement. Silicon in PV industry: elaboration and transformation and efficiency. New efficient thin films materials and organic PV.

IV-Fuel cells: electrochemical energy transformation, ionic diffusion in solids, materials in SOFC. Fuel cell efficiency

Practicals :

A- Measuring thermal conductivity with Hotdisk apparatus, choosing the experimental conditions, errors and uncertainties.

B- Ionic conduction in Ag-chalcogenide glasses : Complex impedance measurement, comparing the resistivity of two glasses at room temperature, electrical model, extraction of the activation energy from data measured at different temperatures.

C- Resonant piezoelectric ceramics : Complex impedance measurement for two PZT with different diameters, evidencing the resonance frequencies and modelling the electrical circuit.

S4. Project: materials science
Individual project, either research-oriented or in partnership with a company. Each project includes a bibliographic part, some experimental measurements, some data processing and analysis, and give to rise to a report and an oral defense.

F1. Aquatic ecosystems survey and management
This course provides concepts and methodologies for i) biological data acquisition (sampling methods, fishing techniques, etc.), ii) population and community study (abundance assessments, mark-recapture methods, modelling, multivariate analyses, etc.), and iii) habitat and biological resource managements (preservation, restoration, global environmental indicators, etc.). It is composed of 15h of lectures and 21h of tutorial. The final grade is composed of a literature search project (25%), a practical work project (25%) and a final exam (50%).

F2. Project: water science and engineering
Individual project, either research-oriented or in partnership with a company. Each project includes a bibliographic part, some experimental measurements, some data processing and analysis, and gives rise to a report and an oral defense.

S1. Project: hydraulic modelling of transients and 2D free surface flow
1. Pressurized pipe transients. The governing equations and the behaviour of the solutions of the pipe transients equations is analysed. The functioning of mitigation techniques (air vessels, etc.) is analysed and applied to practical test cases.

2. One-dimensional open channel modelling software. This part of the subject focuses on the analysis of the numerical techniques used by commercial/engineering software packages for open channel flow used in engineering and consultancy companies. The solution methods and limitations of the packages are examined. Projects are carried out using market-available software packages.

3. Two-dimensional free surface flow modelling has become a standard to the hydraulic engineering community. In this subject the students are trained to the theory and practice of two-dimensional free surface flow modelling. State-of-the-art modelling software packages using unstructured grids are used. Simulations are first carried out for academic test cases. The influence of geometry, mesh design, hydraulic parameters and boundary conditions is critically assessed. In a second phase real-world configurations are simulated. Applications include floodplain, flash flood and urban flood modelling. Teamwork is encouraged through projects.

Keywords: pipe transients, open channel modelling, two-dimensional flood modelling, modelling software, floodplain modelling, flash flood modelling, urban floods

S2. Project: water science and engineering
Individual project, either research-oriented or in partnership with a company. Each project includes a bibliographic part, some experimental measurements, some data processing and analysis, and gives rise to a report and an oral defense.